Population  21.4 million (2012)
Life expectancy at birth – 70.3 years (male), 77.8 years (female) (WHO 2011).

Ethnic groups – Romanian 88.6%, Hungarian 6.5%, Roma 3.2%, others 1.7% (Ukrainian, German, Russian, Turkish) (2011 census).  Until the 1990s there were a substantial number of German-speaking Transylvanian Saxons – now only about 45,000 left.

Languages – Romanian 91% - an Eastern Romance language, Hungarian 6.7%, Roma 1.1%, others 1.2%

Religion –  86.7% Romanian Orthodox, 4.7% Roman Catholic, 3.7% Protestant, 1.5% Pentecostal, 0.9% Greek Catholic.  The Jewish population mostly disappeared in WW2. Romania is a secular state with no national religion.