A central Mediterranean archipelago. Only the 3 largest islands - Malta, Gozo and Comino - are inhabited.  Malta is one of Europe's smallest and most densely populated countries (population density 1,282 per sq km).  Its geographic position makes Malta a target for illegal immigration, putting strain on economic and political resources.

Land area of 300 square km.

Nearest countries are Italy and Tunisia - the islands are situated 93 km south of Sicily and 288 km east of Tunisia.

Largest cities – The de facto capital is Valletta with the largest city Birkirkara – in fact the main island is one metropolitan area made up of many small towns.

Terrain: low hills, with terraced fields, with high cliffs and many harbours on the coastline, including 3 large ones. The highest point is Ta'Dmejrek at 253 m. There are no permanent rivers or lakes and limited fresh water.